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Student Resources
Chapter 1 Exercises
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Exercise 1:
In each case, does the text represent an argument or not?
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Exercise 2:
In each case, is the word a premise indicator or a conclusion indicator?
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Exercise 3:
In each case, is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or
exclamatory?
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Exercise 4:
Are the arguments inductively strong or inductively weak?
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Exercise 5:
In each case, is the argument valid or invalid?
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Exercise 6:
True/False
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Exercise 7:
In each case, are the two sentences consistent or inconsistent? When
interpreting these sentences, give the words their standard or generally
accepted meanings.
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Exercise 8:
In each case, are the sentences equivalent or not equivalent? In each case,
give the words their standard or generally accepted meanings.
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Exercise 9:
In each case, does P imply Q? In each case, give the words their standard or
generally accepted meanings.
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Exercise 10:
Classify as necessarily true, necessarily false, or contingent. In each
case, give the words their standard or generally accepted meanings.
Chapter 2 Exercises
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Exercise 1:
How many sentence operators do you see in each sentence?
(A reminder: A sentence operator (or “connective”) is a word or phrase that
links one or more sentences into a compound sentence. (And a compound
sentence is a sentence that has within it one or more sentences.) An
operator applies to, or joins with, one or more sentences and in so doing
forms a compound sentence. For example, “and” functions as an operator in
the following sentence: “Ann is home and Bob is home” because it joins the
component “Ann is home” with the component “Bob is home” to form the
compound sentence “Ann is home and Bob is home.”)
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Exercise 2:
How many sentence components do you see in each sentence?
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Exercise 3:
In each case, is the sentence true or false?
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Exercise 4:
Test Your Understanding of the Truth-tables
Chapter 3 Exercises
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Exercise 1:
Assuming obvious abbreviations, which of the following is the correct
symbolization?
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Exercise 2:
Multiple Choice
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Exercise 3:
Which of the following
is the correct symbolization? (Note: The greater than sign (>) is used in
place of the horseshoe (É)
in these exercises.)
Chapter 4 Exercises
(Note: The greater than sign (>)
is used in place of the horseshoe (É)
and the equal sign (=) is used in place of the triple bar (≡) in these
exercises.)
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Exercise 1:
Test Your Understanding. Which of the problems are wffs of TL and which are
not?
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Exercise 2:
Test Your Understanding. Identify the main connective in each of the
problems.
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Exercise 3:
In these problems, assume that A is true, B is false, C is true. In each
case, is the formula true or false?
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Exercise 4:
Figure it out anyway! Remember in algebra class when you had to solve
“equations with one unknown”? Here’s a very simple example: If x + 7 = 9,
then what is the value of x? The following problems are similar. Suppose you
know that A and B are true and you also know that C and D are false.
However, suppose you do not know the truth-values of P and Q. Even though
you are missing the values of P and Q, it is possible to determine precisely
the truth-values of these problems.
Chapter 5 Exercises
(Note: The greater than sign (>)
is used in place of the horseshoe (É)
and the equal sign (=) is used in place of the triple bar (≡) in these
exercises.)
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Exercise 1:
Test the following formulas for logical status. In each case, is the formula
a tautology, a contradiction, or is it contingent?
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Exercise 2:
Test the following symbolized arguments for validity. In each case, is the
argument valid or invalid?
Chapter 6 Exercises
The Concept of Logical Form
(Note: The greater than sign (>)
is used in place of the horseshoe (É)
and the equal sign (=) is used in place of the triple bar (≡) in these
exercises.)
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Exercise 1:
Sentence forms.
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Exercise 2:
In these problems, the conclusion is the formula following the slanted
slash; the premises are the numbered formulas preceding the slanted slash.
Chapter 7 Exercises
(Note: The greater than sign (>)
is used in place of the horseshoe (É)
in these
exercises.)
Chapter 8 Exercises
(Note: The greater than sign (>)
is used in place of the horseshoe (É)
in these
exercises.)
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